FAIRPLAY-Dictionary (FAQ-All)
AHTS
	AHTS - Anchor Handling Tug and Supply boat Ships used for tow-out operations of platforms, drilling rigs, handling of anchors and supply operations.
Auxiliary Engine
	these engines are used for running generators, producing electricity or hydraulic pressure for winches or pumps.
BHP
	BHP - Brake Horse Power - the effective power of an engine output taken at the clutch.
Bollard Pull
	The 'Bollard Pull' is the main criteria of a tug and displays the pulling force expressed in tons. A 'Bollard Pull Test' is carried out under supervision of a classification society. The tug is moored in a port basin with a certain waterdepth, no current and a defined distance to the quay. The tug is connected with his towline to a special bollard ashore. A metering device, which displays the actual pulling-force is interlinked between towline and shore bollard.
Bowthruster
	A bowthruster is a tunnel installed horizontally in the bow area of a ship. A propeller inside this tube is able to produce thrust into each direction pushing the bow to the respective side. On larger tugs such as offshore supply tugs, bow- and stern-thruster units are installed enabling the tugs to maintain dynamic positioning also under severe weather conditions.
Bridle
	built of chains or towing wire it serves as a triangular connection to both sides of the tow. Both sides join in the "flounder plate", which is usually a heavy triangular steel plate to which the main towing wire is connected.
Charter Party
	Contract between a shipowner and a charterer, containing all contractual obligations of the parties. In the towage industry these contracts mainly are based on standard 'BIMCO' contracts such as BIMCO TOWCON, BIMCO TOWHIRE,BIMCO SUPPLYTIME a.o.
CPP
	The pitch of the propeller blades is controlled by a hydraulic system working through the propeller shaft. The speed of a tug fitted with CPP is controlled through the pitch of the blades. The engine is running at constant revolutions. The ship can proceed forward or backwards by altering the pitch of the propeller blades.
ETW
	Is installed on the towed object as a spare towing connection in case that the main towing wire will be damaged. To enable the tug to pick up the emergency towing line, a floating ball and a long messenger line is connected to the ETW.
Escorting Tug
	A tug able to maintain a certain speed to escort a ship upon request. Escort tugs are usually fitted with firefighting capabilities to assist a ship also under severe circumstances.
Fender
	Protectors made of wood, rubber or old tyres preventing direct 'ship to ship' or 'ship to quay' contact. Heavy rubber fendering is compulsory on tugs in order to allow pushing operations during docking. The picture displays fendering of a tug.
FIFI1
	FAIRPLAY-25 and FAIRPLAY-26 are equipped with fire fighting gear designed according to the specification FIFI1 . The minimum requirements to match the FIFI1 standart. TFIFI1 standard monitors of the latest tugs from FAIRPLAY are able to deliver 1.350 m³ per hour each side = total 2.700.000 liters or 713.264 US Gal per hour.
FPSO
	Floating Production and Storage Offshore unit. Mostly tankers, which underwent extensive conversion work. These units are on floating station close to oil fields and used as floating storage of crudeoil to load/pump same into tankers transport to ports. FPSO's are often fitted with installation to prepare crudeoil for further processing in shore refineries.
Hydraulic pins
	Hydraulic pins - are installed on the stern of a tug preventing the towing wire to slip to the port of starboard side of the tug.
IHP
	Indicated horsepower - the power of an engine calculated without any attached pumps, clutches,...
Jack-up
	A pontoon, able to lift itself with spuds (legs) lowered through spudholes. A jack-up is usually used as drilling-, working- or accommodation platform for different kinds of work in ports or offshore.
Kort Nozzle
	A specially crafted tube mounted around the propeller of a tug. Due to the relatively small clearance between nozzle and propeller, the bollard pull will be increased by abt. 10% compared to tugs without Kort Nozzle.
LoF
	Lloyd's Open Form A written salvage agreement, signed by the Master or Owner of the salving ship and the Master or Owner of the ship in need of salvage assistance. Most of these agreements are based on the principle of "no cure - no pay". In the past years the environmental aspect of salvage efforts are becoming increasingly important. The new LoF 2000 is taking this aspect into consideration
Main Engine
	The motor(s) running the propulsion system. Main engines run on Diesel-/Gas-Oil or Intermediate Fuel Oil (IFO) of different qualities. Ships using IFO, the fuel has to be heated before it can be injected into the cylinders. FAIRPLAY tugs are running only on gas oil. This tape of fuel is considered to be the best for the environment and keeps the maintainance on a reasonably low level. FAIRPLAY’s is mainly using engines of Deutz http://www.deutz.de/ and MAK http://www.mak.de/.
Portside-side
	The left side of a ship indicated by red laterns
Preventer
	The movements of the towing wire on a tug are similar to those of the saw blade. In order to protect the bulwark of the tug a preventer is mounted over the towing wire and is fixed in the bulwark area by steel wire. The preventer is made of special plastic able to stand the heave forces of the towing wire.
Schottel Propulsion
	This propulsion system was invented by the Schottel Yard in the 1950's and being installed for the first time on a tug back in 1967.
	Usually two Schottel Rudder Propellers (SRP) are mounted in the first third of a tug below the keel. Both units can be rotated independently from each other. This tug design is called 'Tractor Tug'. The first FAIRPLAY tug with Schottel propulsion is FAIRPLAY II built in 1974. The tractor tug is highly manoeuverable and able to come to a complete stop from full ahead within one ship’s length. Alternatively the two SRP's can also be mounted underneath the stern of a tug. This design is called ASD 'Azimuthal Stern Drive Tug'. FAIRPLAY has in total 6 tugs in service featuring this design. The ASD tugs offer a better course stability so that this type of tug is ideal for coastal towages and offshore works.
Shackles
	Are used to connect the parts of a towing arrangement
Single screw
	The single screw tug is the design of the "traditional" tug. One propeller fitted underneath the stern in the keel line. Still today smaller tugs are built to this specification. See the above picture.
Starboard-side
	The right side of a ship indicated by green laterns
Stretcher
	Are used especially for short sea towages and for port operations. Stretchers absorb the heavy stresses on short towing wires, caused for example by swell. Stretchers are mostly made of polyamid lines.
Towing gear
	The towing gear comprises of various components which can be used all or only in parts, depending on the requirements of the individual tow. Following components can be part of a towing gear : Bridle built of chains or towing wire it serves as a triangular connection to both sides of the tow. Both sides join in the "flounder plate", which is usually a heavy triangular steel plate to which the main towing wire is connected. Towing Wire A galvanized steel wire stored on a towing winch to connect to a tow. Usually the towing wire is stored on towing winches. The seagoing tugs of Fairplay are equipped with 1.400 m of 52 mm towing wire - a weight of 14,5 mtons . Stretcher Are used especially for short sea towages and for port operations. Stretchers absorb the heavy stresses on short towing wires, caused for example by swell. Stretchers are mostly made of polyamid lines. Shackles Are used to connect the parts of a towing arrangement . Towing winch Today the towing wire is usually stored on a towing winch. The advantages of a towing winch are obvious. The towing wire can be lowered and hoisted anytime and a spooling device is storing the wire layer by layer turn by turn avoiding damage to the wire. Modern winches offer double or triple drum towing wire storage. FAIRPLAY’s tugs of the Fairplay-21 type class have double drum towing winches aft and single drum on the bow. The latest units of Fairplays fleet - FAIRPLAY-25 and FAIRPLAY-26 have double drum towing winches fore and aft. Towing winches with two or more drums mounted vertically to each other are called waterfall drum towing winches. Preventer The movements of the towing wire on a tug are similar to those of the saw blade. In order to protect the bulwark of the tug a preventer is mounted over the towing wire and is fixed in the bulwark area by steel wire. The preventer is made of special plastic able to stand the heave forces of the towing wire. Emergency Towing Wire (ETW) Is installed on the towed object as a spare towing connection in case that the main towing wire will be damaged. To enable the tug to pick up the emergency towing line, a floating ball and a long messenger line is connected to the ETW. is installed on the towed object as a spare towing connection in case that the main towing wire will be damaged. To enable the tug to pick up the emergency towing line, a floating ball and a long messenger line is connected to the ETW.
Towing winch
	Today the towing wire is usually stored on a towing winch. The advantages of a towing wich are obvious. The towing wire can be lowered and hoisted anytime and a spooling device is storing the wire layer by layer turn by turn avoiding damage to the wire. Modern winches offer double or triple drum towing wire storage. FAIRPLAY’s tugs of the Fairplay-21 type class have double drum towing winches aft and single drum on the bow. The latest units of Fairplays fleet - FAIRPLAY-25 and FAIRPLAY-26 have double drum towing winches fore and aft. Towing winches with two or more drums mounted vertically to each other are called waterfall drum towing winches.
Towing Wire
	A galvanized steel wire stored on a towing winch to connect to a tow. Usually the towing wire is stored on towing winches. The seagoing tugs of Fairplay are equipped with 1.400 m of 52 mm towing wire - a weight of 14,5 mtons .
	Towing winch installed on FAIRPLAY IX’s aft Deck.
Tugger-line / winch
	A tugger line is an important element in terms of safety during a towage. The tugger line and the respective winch are fixing the main towage wire on the stern area of a tug to avoid uncontrolled movements of the wire due to swell or bad weather conditions. Without the tugger winch it may happen, that the towing wire swings aside when the tug reduces the tension of the wire, which may cause damage to the tug’s superstructure and equipment on deck.
Twin screw
	The 'Twin Screw Tug' is been fitted with two parallel propellers mounted under the stern. This design grants a higher bollard pull and a better manoeuvrablility than the 'Single Screw Tug' .